IQBAL KHAN vs THE STATE
This criminal appeal arises from the judgment of the Special Court-1 (Control of Narcotic Substances) at Karachi, whereby the appellant Iqbal Khan was convicted under Section 6/9-C of the Control of Narcotic Substances Act, 1997, and sentenced to life imprisonment for alleged involvement in the smuggling of 5000 Kgs of charas recovered from a container parked in a godown. The core legal question before the High Court was whether the mere status of the appellant as the chowkidar (watchman) of the godown, where the narcotics were found in a container without any personal recovery from him or proof of his knowledge, was sufficient to sustain a conviction. The Sindh High Court held that since no narcotics were recovered from the appellant, no investigation linked him to the main accused smugglers, and no knowledge of the hidden narcotics could be attributed to him merely by virtue of his employment as a watchman, he was entitled to the benefit of the doubt. Consequently, the court set aside the conviction and allowed the appeal, laying down the principle that a watchman cannot be convicted for narcotics found in premises under his watch without independent proof of knowledge or active connivance in the crime.
- Can a godown watchman be convicted under the Control of Narcotic Substances Act, 1997, solely on the basis of narcotics recovered from a vehicle parked inside the godown?
- Whether knowledge of hidden narcotics can be attributed to a person merely due to their presence or employment as a caretaker at the premises of recovery?
- Does the absence of any incriminating recovery from the accused or failure to connect him through investigation warrant the extension of the benefit of the doubt?
- Section 6/9-C, Control of Narcotic Substances Act 1997
ORDER
1. ' The case of the prosecution in the F.I.R. No,15 of 2008 under section 6/9-C, Control of Narcotic Substances Act, 1997, registered at Police Station Karachi, was that police received spy information that several international narcotic smugglers namely Mushtaq, Rashid, Khuramzeb, Lal Badshah, Bilal, Tariq and Naeemullah intend to smuggle huge quantity of charas that is hidden in Container No,GESU-4206355 loaded on Trailer No, P-6168 in the guise of rice bags. The trailer came from Peshawar and was parked in Godown No,F-713, SITE area, Metrovel, Karachi. Upon receipt of such information, raid was conducted, where the police functionaries found the present appellant Iqbal Khan, who disclosed that he is Chowkidar of the Godown. He also disclosed to the police that the owner of the Godown is Tariq Khan, and the trailer was driven by Lal Badshah. The appellant further disclosed that Tariq Khan has other partners namely Mushtaq, Rashid, Khuramzeb, Bilal, and Naeemullah. Upon personal search of the present appellant, only his personal belongings were recovered. Thereafter the lock of the container which was loaded on the trailer was broken and from the internal cavities 200 blue colour nylon bags were recovered. In all 5000 Kgs of Charas was recovered from these bags.
2. ' The appellant was tried by Special Court-1 (Control of Narcotic Substances) at Karachi and was convicted to suffer life imprisonment. Counsel for the appellant argued that the appellant was only Chowkidar of the Godown and nothing was brought in evidence to show that he was aware that the narcotic substance was hidden in the container nor the knowledge could be attributed to the appellant with regard to the narcotic substance.
3. ' On the other hand, Special Prosecutor for AM'', contended that since the narcotic substance was recovered from the trailer parked in the Godown which was under the charge of the Chowkidar, therefore, the appellant is directly.Involved with the commission of the crime and he was rightly convicted by the trial Court.
4. ' At the trial two witnesses were examined by the prosecution.
5. The persons who are stated to have attempted to smuggle the narcotic substance, though are nominated in the. F.I.R., but none of them was arrested. Nothing was recovered from the present appellant who was Chowkidar of the Godown nor on his pointation the narcotic substance was recovered from the hidden cavities of the container. The record also does not show that any investigation was made to find out the accused smugglers or to connect the appellant with the narcotic substance. Both the witnesses deposed what has been stated in the F.1.R. i,e, the appellant was Chowkidar of the Godown. No other piece of evidence was brought on record to connect the present appellant with the narcotic substance, hence the benefit of doubt should have been extended to the appellant.
6. Under the above facts and circumstances of the case, we, therefore. Set aside the impugned judgment and allow this appeal. The appellant Iqbal Khan was brought to this Court in the present case shall be returned back to the Central Prison, Karachi, and thereafter he shall be released if not required in any other case.