KHIZAR HAYAT vs The STATE
This criminal appeal arises from the conviction of the appellant under section 302(b), Pakistan Penal Code 1860 read with section 34, Pakistan Penal Code 1860 for qatl-i-amd, resulting in a sentence of imprisonment for life. The core legal question concerns whether the concurrent findings of guilt recorded by the lower courts are sustainable given challenges to the ocular testimony, the source of light, and the reliability of eye-witnesses who were related to the deceased. The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal, holding that prompt lodging of the F.I.R., specific nomination of the appellant as the principal perpetrator, corroboration through medical evidence and the recovery of a blood-stained weapon, and the natural presence of the eye-witnesses in the house established the guilt beyond reasonable doubt. The principle laid down is that the testimony of natural eye-witnesses residing at the scene of the crime cannot be discarded merely due to their relationship with the deceased, and concurrent findings of fact based on sound appreciation of evidence warrant no interference unless tainted by misreading or non-reading.
- Whether the testimony of related eye-witnesses can be discarded solely on the ground of their relationship with the deceased?
- Can concurrent findings of fact recorded by the lower courts be interfered with in the absence of misreading or non-reading of evidence?
- Does the recovery of a blood-stained weapon provide sufficient corroboration to the ocular account in a murder trial?
- Whether the principle of falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus applies mechanically to discard evidence against a co-accused while retaining it against another?
- Section 302, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
- Section 302(b), Pakistan Penal Code 1860
- Section 34, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
- Section 544-A, Code of Criminal Procedure 1898
- Section 382-B, Code of Criminal Procedure 1898
ORDER
' ASIF SAEED KHAN KHOSA, J.---Khizer Hayat appellant was tried in case F.I.R. No,189 registered at Police Station Satiana, District Faisalabad on 14-5-2000 in respect of an offence under section 302, P.P.C. Read with section 34, P.P.C. And vide judgment dated 26-6-2002 handed down by the learned additional Sessions Judge, Jaranwala, District Faisalabad he was convicted for an offence under section 302(b), P.P.C. Read with section 34, P.P.C. And was sentenced to imprisonment for life as Ta'zir and to pay a sum of Rs,25,000 to the heirs of the deceased by way of compensation under section 544-A, Cr.P.C. Or in default of payment thereof to undergo rigorous imprisonment for six months. The benefit under section 382-B, Cr.P.C. Was extended to him. The appellant challenged his conviction and sentence before the Lahore High Court, Lahore through Criminal Appeal No, 285 of 2006 which was heard and dismissed by a learned Judge-in-Chamber of the said Court on 23- 4-2008. Hence, the present appeal by leave to this Court granted on 7-7-2010.
2. We have heard the learned counsel for the appellant and learned Additional Prosecutor-General, Punjab appearing for the State and have gone through the record of the case with their assistance.
It has been argued by the learned counsel for the appellant that the occurrence in this case had taken place before daybreak; the source of light at the spot had not been established by the prosecution; the eye-witnesses produced by the prosecution have already been disbelieved to the extent of two co-accused of the appellant; the same evidence cannot be said to be reliable vis-a- vis the appellant, particularly when the same has already been discarded to the extent of his two co-accused; the motive set up by the prosecution has already been ruled out of consideration by the learned courts below; and thus, the prosecution had failed to prove its case against the appellant beyond reasonable doubt entitling him to be acquitted by this Court. As against that the learned Additional Prosecutor-General, Punjab appearing for the State has maintained that the prosecution had succeeded in establishing its case against the appellant beyond reasonable doubt and the learned courts below have already felt satisfied in that respect and, therefore, there is hardly any occasion for this Court to interfere in the finding of fact concurrently recorded by the learned courts below vis-a-vis the guilt of the appellant.
3. After hearing the learned counsel for the parties and going through the record we have observed that the F.I.R. In this case had been lodged with sufficient promptitude and the appellant had been nominated therein as the principal perpetrator of the murder of Basara deceased. According to the allegation levelled by the prosecution the appellant had trespassed into the house of the deceased at Fajar prayer time and after raising a lalkara he had given two hatchet blows to the deceased which landed on his neck, chin and cheek. The medical evidence had provided full support to the ocular account furnished in this case by Allah Yar (P.W.4) and Mushtaq (P.W.5) who were natural witnesses of the incident being inmates of the house wherein the occurrence had taken place. Mere relationship of the said eye-witnesses with the deceased was not sufficient to discard the testimonies made by them before the learned trial court. A blood-stained hatchet had been recovered from the appellant's possession during the investigation which had provided corroboration to the ocular account. Both the learned courts below had undertaken an in-depth and exhaustive analysis of the evidence available on the record and had then concurred in their conclusion regarding the appellant's guilt. The learned counsel for the appellant has remained unable to point out any particular or specific misreading or non-reading of the evidence on the part of the learned courts below so as to warrant interference in the matter by this Court. The appellant has already been treated leniently in the matter of his sentence.
4. For all these reasons this appeal is dismissed with the slight modification of the impugned judgment to the effect that in case of his failure to pay the amount of compensation to the heirs of the deceased the appellant shall undergo simple imprisonment for six months instead of rigorous imprisonment of six months ordered by the learned courts below.
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