Nasreen Bibi vs Farrukh Shahzad and another
This matter arises from a petition seeking the cancellation of post-arrest bail granted to respondent No. 1 by a Judicial Magistrate in a case registered under Sections 376, 506, and 34 of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860 for offenses including rape. The core legal question was whether a Judicial Magistrate is competent to grant post-arrest bail in an offense triable exclusively by the Court of Sessions. The Supreme Court held that the Magistrate lacks jurisdiction to grant bail in such matters, as the Magistrate's role upon receiving a report under Section 173 of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1898 is limited to transmitting the challan to the court of competent jurisdiction. The Court established the principle that a Magistrate has nothing to do with the merits of a case triable by the Sessions Court and is incompetent to grant bail or pass orders reserved for the trial court, thereby setting aside the lower courts' orders and cancelling the respondent's bail.
- Is a Judicial Magistrate competent to grant post-arrest bail in an offence triable exclusively by the Court of Sessions?
- What is the extent of a Magistrate's power upon receipt of a report under Section 173 of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1898 in cases triable by the Court of Sessions?
- Does delay in lodging an FIR in sexual assault cases invalidate the prosecution's case?
- Whether bail granted without jurisdiction by a Magistrate is liable to be cancelled by the superior courts?
- Section 376, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
- Section 506, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
- Section 34, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
- Section 561-A, Code of Criminal Procedure 1898
- Section 497, Code of Criminal Procedure 1898
- Section 173, Code of Criminal Procedure 1898
IJAZ AHMED CHAUDHRY, J. --- Through this petition, petitioner seeks cancellation of bail granted to the respondent No. 1 by the learned Judicial Magistrate in a case registered vide F.I.R. No. 289, dated 19.6.2013 under Sections 376/506/34 PPC at Police Station Sara-e-Saleh, Haripur, which was affirmed by the learned two Courts below.
2. Brief allegation levelled against the respondent No. 1 by the petitioner is that she entered into a partnership with the respondent-accused and had also given her five tolas of gold but despite lapse of a considerable time, the respondent did not pay her profit. Despite repeatedly asking by the petitioner, the respondent evaded to pay her share in the business. On 6th of June, 2013 the respondent asked her to accompany her to Abbottabad where he was statedly opening a business. On the said date, the respondent came alongwith another person and picked the petitioner from Punian stop, Haripur, and thereafter on the way they committed zina-bil-jabar with her on pistol point and also made her naked pictures.
3. After the registration of case, during the investigation, the respondent No. 1 filed a petition before a learned Judge in Chamber of the Peshawar High Court under Section 561-A, Cr.P.C., which was accepted by the learned High Court and the F.I.R. was quashed. Against the said order, the petitioner approached this Court and this Court vide order dated 4.2.2014 set aside the said order of the learned Single Judge in Chamber. Respondent then applied for pre-arrest bail which was dismissed. He then applied for post arrest bail before the Judicial Magistrate which was accepted vide order dated 5.5.2014. The petitioner moved application for cancellation of bail before the Additional Sessions Judge, Haripur, which was dismissed en 5.5.2014. Being aggrieved, the petitioner filed cancellation petition before the learned High Court, which also met the same fate vide impugned order.
4. Learned counsel for the petitioner contends that the petitioner is a respectable practicing Advocate and she has been disgraced by the respondent; that the offence under Section 376, PPC is punishable with death or imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than ten years or more than twenty-five years and the Magistrate was not ,competent to grant bail as the offence is triable by a Court of Sessions.
5. Learned counsel for the respondent No. 1, on the other hand, has contended that word 'Court' has been used in Section 497, Cr.P.C., which means that Magistrate was fully competent to grant bail to the respondent.
6. We have heard learned counsel for the parties and have gone through the F.I.R. and the other evidence collected by the Police during the investigation.
7. Petitioner was a virgin lady and according to medical evidence she was subjected to sexual intercourse. She had got recorded the F.I.R. on the same day but with a delay. However, the delay is of no help to the respondent as it has been repeatedly held by this Court that in such-like cases delay in lodging the F.I.R. is immaterial as people naturally avoid rushing to the police because of family honour. There was no previous enmity between the parties and it is against common sense that the petitioner would have concocts a story which can ruin her life. The offence falls under Section 376, PPC, which is punishable with death or imprisonment of either description for a term which shall not be less than ten years or more than twenty-five years and according to Schedule-II, Column No. 8 of the Criminal Procedure Code, it is triable by a Court of Sessions, In such like cases, only the report under Section 173, Cr.P.C. has to be submitted before the Magistrate. The Magistrate has nothing to do with the merits of the case and he is not competent to grant bail or pass any other order which can be passed by the Trial Court. The only function of the Magistrate after the receipt of report under Section 173, Cr.P.C. is to transmit the challan to the Court of competent jurisdiction/Sessions Court. In this view of the matter, the order passed by the learned Judicial Magistrate is without jurisdiction and both the learned lower Courts below have not considered this aspect of the matter. Even otherwise, prima facie there is sufficient material available to connect the respondent with the commission of offence.
8. For what has been discussed above, this petition is converted into appeal and allowed and the impugned judgments are set aside. The bail granted to the respondent No. 1 is hereby cancelled.
Respondent shall be taken into custody. However, it will be open for the respondent to approach the competent forum if any fresh ground is available to him.