LAL DIN MASIH vs Mst. SAKINA JAN And Another
This petition for leave to appeal arose from an ejectment proceeding initiated under the Rent Restriction Law on the grounds of default in payment of rent and personal need. The Rent Controller ordered the tenant's ejectment, but the appellate authority reversed this decision and dismissed the landlord's petition. On a writ petition, the High Court interfered with the appellate order and restored the ejectment. The petitioner contended before the Supreme Court that the High Court, in its writ jurisdiction, could not interfere with findings of fact recorded by an appellate forum. The Supreme Court held that while findings of fact are generally protected, interference is justified under writ jurisdiction if the appellate forum flouted statutory provisions or failed to follow the law laid down by superior courts. Finding that the appellate authority's conclusions on default and personal need were contrary to established legal principles and the evidence on record, the Supreme Court upheld the High Court's interference and dismissed the petition, granting the tenant two months to vacate.
- Can the High Court in its writ jurisdiction interfere with a finding of fact recorded by an appellate forum in rent matters?
- Under what circumstances is the High Court justified in overturning an appellate rent authority's decision under constitutional jurisdiction?
- Does the failure of a landlord to issue rent receipts excuse a tenant from the obligation to tender rent?
- Article 199, Constitution of Pakistan 1973
ORDER
M.S.H. QURAISHI, J.-- This petition for leave to appeal arises out of a case of ejectment under the Rent Restriction Law. The ejectment of the petitioner had been sought on the grounds of (1) default in payment of rent for the period from May 1978 to May 1979 and (2) personal need. Both the grounds having been accepted, his ejectment was ordered by the Controller but on appeal the findings were reversed and the ejectment petition dismissed. The appellate order was, however, interfered with by the High Court in its writ jurisdiction and the order of ejectment was restored.
2. The contention is that the High Court in the exercise of its writ jurisdiction could not interfere with a finding of fact recorded by the appellate forum. For this, reliance was placed on Muhammad Sharif v. Muhammad Afzal Sohail PLD 1981 SC 246. But the contention could prevail if, as observed in this cited case, the appellate forum had not flouted the provisions of the statute or failed to follow the law relating thereto as laid down by the superior Courts. No tender of rent in the for the alleged period of default had been made on the excuse that the landlord had refused to issue receipts. On this, the view- taken by the appellate authority was that no receipt having ever been issued, the question of paying rent did not arise and that as such there was no question of any default on the part of the petitioner. On the question of personal need, the appellate authority held that the landlady being all alone was not in a position to live at Rawalpindi and that her story of strained relations with her daughter-in-law was coined only to provide some substance to her plea. Obviously the view taken was not only contrary to the established principles of law but also to the evidence on record. The High Court was, therefore, in its writ jurisdiction competent and justified to have interfered with the appellate order. No case is made out for grant of leave to appeal.
3. Learned counsel for the petitioner then sought some the to vacate the premises. There being no objection on behalf of the respondent, we, while dismissing the petition, allow to months the to the petitioner, on the expiry of which he shall voluntarily surrender possession to the respondent.
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