Pakistan Case Law
1986 SCMR 938

KARIM HAIDER And Others vs The STATE

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Citation1986 SCMR 938
CourtSupreme Court of Pakistan
Case No.Criminal Appeal No. 8 of 1986 in Criminal Petition for Leave to Appeal 106/R
Date1986-02-08
Judge(s)Muhammad Haleem, C.J., Shafiur Rahman, Zaffar Hussain Mirza and Mian Burhanuddin Khan
Authored byMian Burhanuddin Khan
ResultAppeal allowed
AI Summary — generated from this judgment; read the full text below and verify before relying on it.

This matter arises from a petition seeking leave to appeal against the order of the Lahore High Court, which had refused bail to one petitioner and suo motu cancelled the bail granted to the other two petitioners by the trial court in a case registered under sections 302, 34, and 201 of the Pakistan Penal Code read with sections 10 and 16 of the Offence of Zina (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinance, 1979. The core legal question concerned the justification for refusing bail and cancelling bail already granted, particularly in the face of an unexplained inordinate delay in lodging the First Information Report. The Supreme Court converted the petition into an appeal and allowed it, holding that the accused petitioners were entitled to bail given the delayed F.I.R. and circumstances of the case. The key principle laid down is that unexplained delay in lodging the F.I.R. weighs in favor of granting bail to the accused.

Questions settled in this judgment
  • Whether bail already granted to an accused by the trial court can be cancelled by the High Court without strong and exceptional grounds?
  • Does an unexplained inordinate delay in lodging the First Information Report entitle the accused persons to the concession of bail?
  • Whether the Supreme Court can convert a petition for leave to appeal into an appeal and grant bail in criminal matters?
Laws & provisions referred
  • Section 302, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
  • Section 34, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
  • Section 201, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
  • Section 10, Offence of Zina (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinance 1979
  • Section 16, Offence of Zina (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinance 1979
bailbail cancellationsuo motu bail cancellationdelay in FIRmurdercriminal procedure

ORDER

MIAN BURHANUDDIN KHAN, J.--Petitioners, charged under section 302/34/201 P.P.C. Read with section 10/16 of the Zina Ordinance of 1979 had sought bail from the trial Court and vide order, dated 16-4-1985 the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Jhelum enlarged on bail two accused /petitioners namely Tanvirul Hasan and Shaukat Ali but refused to admit Karim Haider accused to bail for reasons recorded in the order. When the matter came up before the Lahore High Court a learned single Judge sup motu issued notice to Tanvirul Hasan and Shaukat Ali to show cause why the bail granted to them by the learned trial Court should not be cancelled; and refused bail to Karim Haider vide the impugned order, dated 9th July, 1985.

2. Case against the petitioners is that on 5-7-1984 a case was registered with the Police Station Choa Saidan Shah at the instance of Abdul Aziz complainant under section 302/34/201, P.P.C. Read with section 10/16 of the Zina Ordinance, 1979. In this report the complainant stated that on 21-6- 1984 on his return from Taraveeh prayers he found his son Muhammad Nazir aged about 9/10 years missing from his cot. He inquired about him from his daughter-in-law Mst. Anwar Begum who informed him that Muhammad Nazir would be somewhere around and could not furnish any satisfactory explanation; thereafter he, alongwith Eid Muhammad and Muhammad Azam set out in search of Muhammad Nazir and also made an announcement on the loud-speaker about the missing boy Nazir. While making search next morning when they reached near the well in the Dhok they felt suspicion that the body may have been killed, therefore, they sent down a man in the well who found the d3ad body of Muhammad Nazir in the well, and brought it out and buried it formally.

3. Complainant Abdul Aziz kept on making inquiries from various sources particularly from his daughter-in-law Mst. Anwar Begum who informed him on 25-6-1984 when he had gone from Taraveeh prayers on 21-6-1984 Tanvirul Hasan, armed with a gun entered the house, alongwith Karim Haider, Karim Haider raped her, the deceased Muhammad Nazir, who was lying asleep on the nearby cot, woke up and saw the accused/ petitioners and in order to keep the secret the accused /petitioners throttled Muhammad Nazir deceased. Shaukat Ali was standing guard outside the boundary wall of the house, they took the dead body of the deceased after threatening her that she should not disclose the occurrence to anyone and that due to fear she had been keeping quiet over the matter.

4. Learned counsel for the petitioners argued that this is a case where concession of bail should have been allowed to the accused/ petitioners; that the order of the High Court refusing bail to accused/ petitioner No.1 and cancelling the bail of accused /petitioners Nos.2 and 3 was not justified in the facts and circumstances of the case and the impugned order is contrary to the principles governing bail and cancellation of bail. Having gone through the impugned order and the record we find that the occurrence took place on 21-6-1984 and Mst. Anwar Begum informed the complainant Abdul Aziz about the detail of the incident on 25-6-1984 yet the complainant lodged the F.I.R. On 5-7-1984 without explaining the inordinate delay in the registration' of the case.

We are, therefore, of the view that the accused/petitioners are entitled to bail at this stage. Petition is converted into an appeal and allowed. Bail granted to the three accused /petitioners in the sum of rupees twenty-five thousand each with two sureties in the like amount in each case, to the satisfaction of A . C . Chakwal.

Cited by 4 cases

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