Pakistan Case Law
1989 SCMR 1473

MUHAMMAD BAKHSH and others vs THE STATE

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Citation1989 SCMR 1473
CourtSupreme Court of Pakistan
Case No.Criminal Petition No,312 of 1988
Date1989-03-15
Judge(s)Ghulam Mujaddid and Saad Saood Jan
Authored byGhulam Mujaddid
ResultPetition dismissed
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This petition for leave to appeal challenged a Lahore High Court judgment that upheld the conviction and sentences of the petitioners for offences under the Pakistan Penal Code. The petitioners were initially convicted by a trial Magistrate, and their subsequent appeal was dismissed by the High Court. Before the Supreme Court, the petitioners raised two primary contentions: first, that there was an unreasonable delay of one year in the announcement of the High Court judgment after the conclusion of arguments; and second, that the trial court had erred in its assessment of the case following a remand order that had previously resulted in the acquittal of several co-accused. The Supreme Court held that while judgments should be announced within a reasonable period, the delay did not vitiate the conviction as the High Court had duly considered the evidence. Regarding the second contention, the Court found that the issue was not raised before the High Court and that the trial Magistrate was entitled to independently appraise the evidence upon remand. Finding no question of law of public importance, the petition was dismissed.

Questions settled in this judgment
  • Does a delay in the announcement of a judgment after the conclusion of arguments automatically vitiate a conviction?
  • Is an appellate court obliged to consider a legal argument that was not raised before the lower court?
  • Can a trial court, upon remand, reach a conclusion contrary to a previous judgment that was set aside by an appellate court?
Laws & provisions referred
  • Section 307, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
  • Section 325, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
  • Section 148, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
  • Section 149, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
  • Section 342, Code of Criminal Procedure 1898
  • Section 364, Code of Criminal Procedure 1898
  • Section 340(2), Code of Criminal Procedure 1898
criminal appealdelay in judgmentremand of caseappraisal of evidenceleave to appealtrial magistrateconviction

ORDER

1. ' GHULAM MUJADDID, J.--This petition for leave to appeal against the judgment of the Lahore High Court dated 25-9-1988 has been filed by Muhammad Bakhsh and six others. All of them had appealed to the High Court against their conviction and sentence under section 307/325/148/149, P.P.C. Awarded by the trial Magistrate. Their appeal was dismissed; conviction and sentence upheld.

2. ' The occurrence in which they were alleged to have been involved took place on 24-10-1981 at evening time in Chah Dahra, Dakhli Mauza Daggar Aulakh, Bhakkar. Report was lodged by Allah Bakhsh. It was recorded by Muhammad Yaqub A.S.I.

3. ' Motive was civil litigation between the parties with regard to possession of Khasra Nos.707, 709 regarding which a civil suit was pending in the Court of Civil Judge, Bhakkar.

4. ' All the petitioners had sticks except Muhammad Bakhsh who was armed with hatchet. First- informant Allah Bakhsh was injured. He received nine injuries. The petitioners denied the allegation and took up the plea of self-defence.

5. The High Court considered all the relevant facts starting with motive, ocular evidence, recovery of weapons used, medical evidence, plea of the petitioners and then came to the conclusion that it was not a fit case for interference and thus upheld the conviction and sentence of the petitioners.

6. ' Before us, learned counsel appearing in support of this petition raised number of grounds. As most of them pertain to the appraisal of evidence, we don't think it is necessary to mention those.

7. Nevertheless two points are worth considering--the first is that emphasis was laid by the learned counsel that after arguments concluded the judgment was announced after one year. The second which appears to have some substance was that initially the petitioners were tried by Magistrate Section 30 who by judgment dated 7-3-1985 convicted only two and acquitted the rest. On appeal, the appellate Court remanded the case to the Magistrate with a direction to record the statements of the petitioners under section 342, Cr.P.C. Read with 364, Cr.P.C. And also to examine the accused under section 340(2), Cr.P.C. With an opportunity to lead evidence in defence.

8. No doubt the judgment was announced one year after it had been reserved but we find that the learned judge adverted to all the points as mentioned above. Nevertheless it is proper that once the arguments conclude and the judgment reserved, it has to be announced within reasonable period. We are ' sure that in future no unnecessary delay will take place in announcement of judgments.

9. ' So far as the second point is concerned, there is no mention of this in the judgment of the learned Judge from which it can be safely inferred that this point was not raised. Had it been argued before the learned Judge, it would have found mention in the impugned judgment. As such we are not obliged to consider the submission of the learned counsel for the petitioners. Nevertheless, in the interest of justice we permitted him to argue this point.

10. ' We don't think the petitioners are entitled to any benefit because initially a Magistrate had convicted only two and acquitted the rest. In any case, that judgment was set aside by the appellate Court.

11. The Magistrate who took cognizance for the second time was expected to apply his mind irrespective of what had happened before. This he did and came to the contrary conclusion than the one arrived at in the beginning.

12. Second time the appeal came direct to the High Court where the entire evidence was appraised.

13. We have not come across anything which could indicate that any of the principles for the administration of criminal justice had been violated.

14. ' There is no question of law of public importance involved in this petition which is hereby dismissed.

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