Pakistan Case Law
1990 SCMR 1309

JAVAID IQBAL vs MUHAMMAD DIN and another

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Citation1990 SCMR 1309
CourtSupreme Court of Pakistan
Case No.Criminal Petition for Leave to Appeal No, 111-R of 1989
Date1990-02-24
Judge(s)Muhammad Afzal Zullah, CJ. and Rustam S. Sidhwa
Authored byMuhammad Afzal Zullah
ResultLeave refused
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This petition for leave to appeal arises from the dismissal by the High Court of an application filed under section 561-A of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1898. The core legal question concerns the maintainability and propriety of invoking inherent powers of the High Court under section 561-A after a matter has already been concluded by a Sessions Court in its revisional jurisdiction, particularly regarding factual disputes and the pre-existence of a likelihood of a breach of the peace. The Supreme Court held that where a matter stands concluded by criminal revisional jurisdiction at the Sessions Court level, it is very difficult to make out a case for interference under section 561-A unless strict conditions are met. Furthermore, the Court affirmed that the High Court rightly found the factual determinations of the Sessions Court unexceptionable, noted that the real dispute was the subject-matter of pending civil litigation, and observed that the necessary pre-condition of a likelihood of a breach of the peace was absent. The petition for leave to appeal was accordingly dismissed.

Questions settled in this judgment
  • Can the High Court interfere under section 561-A of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1898 when a matter stands concluded by the exercise of criminal revisional jurisdiction at the Sessions Court level?
  • Is interference under section 561-A of the Code of Criminal Procedure 1898 warranted where the underlying dispute is already the subject-matter of pending civil litigation?
  • What is the effect of the absence of a pre-existing likelihood of a breach of the peace on proceedings initiated regarding dispossession?
Laws & provisions referred
  • Section 561-A, Code of Criminal Procedure 1898
inherent powerscriminal revisionleave to appealbreach of peacecivil litigationquashing of proceedings

ORDER

1. ' MUHAMMAD AFZAL ZULLAH, C.J.---Leave to appeal has been sought against the dismissal by the High Court of an application under section 561-A, Cr.P.C.

2. ' A learned Magistrate held in favour of the petitioner that he had been dispossessed within two months of the relevant date. The learned Sessions Court reversed this finding in its revisional jurisdiction. The petitioner then finding no other remedy sought interference under section 561-A Cr.P.C. By the High Court. In such case where a matter stands concluded by the exercise of criminal revisional jurisdiction at the Sessions Court level, it would be very difficult to make out a case for further interference by the High Court under section 561-A, Cr.P.C. The strict conditions laid down therein are not satisfied in this case. Accordingly on this ground alone this petition merits to be dismissed. However, as the High Court did not dismiss the petitioner's application under section 561-A, Cr.P.C. On the said ground and dealt with the merits, we heard the learned counsel on that aspect of the case. It has been found as a fact by the learned Judge in the High Court that the decision on factual aspects rendered by the Sessions Court was unexceptionable. It was also held that the dispute between the parties in reality was the subject-matter of civil litigation and that the same was pending before the Civil Court. Further it was held that important condition; namely, that there should be likelihood of breach of peace which should pre-exist for taking action under the said provision, did not exist in this case.

3. ' After hearing the learned counsel in support of the points raised in this petition we find the decision of the Sessions Court and impugned judgment rendered by the High Court are unexceptionable. Leave to appeal, accordingly, is refused.

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