Pakistan Case Law
1996 SCMR 71

MUHAMMAD AZAM vs THE STATE

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Citation1996 SCMR 71
CourtSupreme Court of Pakistan
Case No.Criminal Petition for Leave to Appeal No, 318-L of 1995
Date1995-09-20
Judge(s)Raja Afrasiab Khan arid Muhammad Bashir Khan lehangirf, !.l
Authored byRaja Afrasiab Khan
ResultLeave refused
AI Summary — generated from this judgment; read the full text below and verify before relying on it.

This matter comes before the Supreme Court of Pakistan through a petition for leave to appeal filed by Muhammad Azam against the dismissal of his pre-arrest bail application by the Lahore High Court. The petitioner was implicated in a criminal case registered under Section 10 of the Offence of Zina (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinance, 1979 and Section 451 of the Pakistan Penal Code (P.P.C.) at Police Station Noor Kot, District Narowal. The core legal question concerns whether the petitioner was entitled to the extraordinary concession of pre-arrest bail in the face of serious allegations of house trespass and rape at pistol point. The Supreme Court held that the discretion in refusing pre-arrest bail was rightly exercised by the lower courts, noting that the right to pre-arrest bail is restricted to exceptional and rare cases involving mala fide, enmity, or where the F.I.R. discloses no offence on its bare reading. The Court laid down the principle that pre-arrest bail is not warranted in the presence of serious incriminating allegations and accordingly dismissed the petition for leave to appeal.

Questions settled in this judgment
  • Is an accused entitled to pre-arrest bail when facing serious allegations of rape and house trespass?
  • What are the exceptional and rare circumstances required for the grant of pre-arrest bail?
  • Whether the High Court properly exercised its discretion in refusing pre-arrest bail in the absence of established mala fide?
Laws & provisions referred
  • section 10 of the Offence of Zina (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinance, 1979
  • section 451, P.P.C.
pre-arrest bailrapehouse trespassOffence of Zina Ordinanceleave to appealcriminal petition

ORDER

1. ' RAJA AFRASIAB KHAN, J.---On 12th of June 1995 at 11 a.m., a case under section 10 of the Offence of Zina (Enforcement of Hudood) Ordinance, 1979 and section 451, P.P.C. Was registered against Muhammad Azam (petitioner) with Police Station Noor Kot District Narowal at the complaint of Muhammad Arif. The complainant is a resident of village Jhanday Langha and, at present, works to earn his livlihood in Dina, District Jhelum. In his absence, on the night between 11/12-6-1995 at about 2-00 a.m., when his wife Mst. Manzooran had also gone to visit her relatives and his daughter Mst.

2. Kaukab Bibi was alone and sleeping in the courtyard of her house. The petitioner, Muhammad Azam is alleged to have trespassed into the house and committed rape with Mst. .Kaukab Bibi at pistol point. At her alarm, Mst. Parveen Bibi and Muhammad Asif who were sleeping on the roof of their house, reached and witnessed the occurrence. The room where Muhammad Azam was committing rape with Mst. Kaukab Bibi was bolted from outside by Mst. Parveen Bibi. The petitioner broke open the door and ran away with his weapon. Muhammad Boota, Muhammad Islam and Nazir Hussain saw the petitioner while running from the spot. On 19-7-1995, a learned Additional Sessions Judge, Narowal dismissed pre-arrest bail application of the petitioner on the ground that he could not show any mala fide in implicating him in this case. A learned Judge in the Lahore High Court also dismissed the bail petition by observing:-- "Learned counsel for the petitioner inter alia submitted that the allegations contained in the FIR were false and he was involved due to political victimization.

3. ' I have heard the learned counsel for the petitioner and have perused the record. There arc serious allegations against the petitioner. In the circumstances of the case the- petitioner is not entitled to the extraordinary concession of bail before arrest. His petition is, therefore, dismissed. After arrest, the petitioner may apply for bail before the Sessions Judge."

4. ' This petition seeking leave to appeal has been instituted.

5. After hearing the learned counsel for the parties and reading the record, we agree with the observation of the High Court that allegations levelled against petitioner are serious in nature. The discretion in refusing bail before-arrest to the petitioner has rightly been exercised. The right of pre arrest bail is limited to exceptional and rare cases which are based on mala fide/enmity or where no offence is shown to have been committed on the bare reading of F.I.R. This is, undoubtedly, not a case from that category. There is, therefore, no substance in this petition which is dismissed. Leave to appeal is refused:

Cited by 15 cases

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