SARDAR MUHAMMAD AND 4 Others vs The STATE
This appeal challenged the Lahore High Court's order rejecting the appellants' application for anticipatory bail in a criminal case registered under sections 148, 307, and 149 of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860. The appellants, office-bearers of the Pakistan National Alliance, were accused of attempted murder following a political procession and subsequent altercation. The appellants argued that the prosecution was motivated by political malice, citing the improbability of the alleged design to kill and the inconsistency in the medical evidence regarding the single bullet injury sustained by the victim despite multiple assailants firing. The Supreme Court, while noting that it would be inappropriate to express a definitive opinion on the appellants' culpability or pre-empt the trial court's functions, determined that the circumstances warranted the grant of pre-arrest bail. The Court held that for the limited purpose of anticipatory bail, the appellants had made a sufficient case for relief. Consequently, the appeal was allowed, and the appellants were admitted to bail subject to furnishing security.
- Is it appropriate for a court to express a definitive opinion on the culpability of an accused during the adjudication of an anticipatory bail application?
- Does the existence of political rivalry and allegations of malice constitute sufficient grounds for the grant of pre-arrest bail in cases of attempted murder?
- Section 148, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
- Section 307, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
- Section 149, Pakistan Penal Code 1860
1. MUHAMMAD HALEEM, J.-After hearing counsel for the parties we converted the petition into an appeal and decided to dispose it of as such.
2. The appellants have assailed the order dated 28-4-1977 of a learned Single Judge of the Lahore High Court by which Criminal Misc. No. 1420/B of 1977 was rejected.
3. A case was registered at Police Station, Chichawatni, District Sahiwal against the appellants who are the office-bearers of the Pakistan National Alliance, under sections 148, 307 read with section 149 of the Pakistan Penal Code at 1-30 p.m. On the 22nd of April, 1977 for the attempted murder of Farzand A.I, a Mirasi by case. It was disclosed in the report that the P. N. A. Had given a call for Hartal on the fateful day but some of the shop--keepers of Burewala Bazar belonging to the Pakistan People's Party had not responded to the call. Sometime before the incident a P. N. A. Procession pass--ed by Burewala Chowk and the processionists threatened Zakir Hussain Shah, a cigarette dealer, to close his shop and on his refusal to do so, he was injured by stones pelted by the crowd.
4. On hearing about the incident Muhammad Ashraf, the complainant and others belonging to the People's Party arrived there and took the injured to the Hospital. After some time the proces-- sionists dispersed. The complainant and Farzand A.I crossed the bridge and as they neared the western wall of Purani Sabzi Mandi, they saw the appellants armed with rifles, guns and a pistol. On seeing them the first appellant abused them and gave a lalkara that they should not be spared that day upon which all the appellants fired at them as a result of which Farzand A.I received a bullet injury but the complainant managed to escape from there. After the appellants had decamped, he returned to the spot and removed the injured to the hospital.
5. The appellants apprehending their arrest moved an application in the Lahore High Court for anticipatory bail. A learned Single Judge while rejecting the application held that the First Information Report was lodged without inordinate delay in which the names of the appellants were disclosed and there was evidence of the fire-arms having been effectively used.
6. The learned counsel contends that neither the complainant nor the injured were men of any political importance and, therefore, it was highly improbable that the appellants would have by design assembled to kill them with fire-arms. It was further contended that even though it was alleged that all the appellants had fired at them but it is surprising that only the injured was hit and that too by a single bullet while the complainant managed to escape.
7. Lastly it was urged that the appellants were implicated out of malice because they were the office- bearers of the P. N. A. It will be inappropriate to express any definite opinion on the culpability of the appellants as it is not our jurisdiction to pre-empt the functions of the trial Court, but for the purpose of anticipatory bail we are convinced that it is a fit case in which they should be allowed bail. Accordingly, they are directed to furnish bail in the sum of Rs. 10,000 (Rupees ten thousand) each with one surety in the like amount, to the satisfaction of the Assistant Commissioner, Chichawatni. The appeal is allowed.
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