NOOR REHMAN and others vs MUHAMMAD YOUSUF
This civil revision petition arises from a suit for declaration and perpetual injunction filed by the respondent against the petitioners regarding joint agricultural land, seeking to restrain construction that would alter the property's nature prior to partition. The trial court dismissed the respondent's application for a temporary injunction subject to a personal undertaking, but the appellate court reversed this decision and restrained the petitioners from raising buildings or alienating the land. Upon review, the Peshawar High Court held that a co-sharer in joint immovable property is interested in every inch of the subject matter and cannot alienate, transfer, or change the property's nature, such as through construction, until a regular partition takes place. Finding no jurisdictional defect or material irregularity in the appellate court's order under Section 115 of the Code of Civil Procedure 1908, the High Court dismissed the revision petition in limine and directed the trial court to expedite the proceedings.
- Can a co-sharer in exclusive possession of a specific portion of joint property alienate or change its character before a regular partition?
- Whether an appellate court's order granting a temporary injunction against construction by a co-sharer warrants interference under revisional jurisdiction without proof of material irregularity or illegality?
- Does a co-sharer have an interest in every inch of unpartitioned joint immovable property irrespective of the quantity of their share?
- Section 115, Code of Civil Procedure 1908
ORDER
' Muhmmad Yousaf (hereinafter to be referred as respondent) brought a suit for a declaration and perpetual injunction against Noor Rehman and others (hereinafter to be referred as petitioners) in respect of the suit property measuring 32 Kanals, 12-1/2 Marlas with consequential relief for the possession of the suit property, the detail of which is given in the heading of the plaint. The claim of the plaintiff according to the averments of the plaint is that he is the co-owner of the suit land to the extent of 32 Kanals, 12-1/2 Marlas and that the defendants 14 to 21 wanted to construct some Abadi over the valuable portion of the said land and was, therefore, converting the status and nature of the agricultural land for residential purpose, therefore, the plaintiff prayed that the defendants be restrained from making construction over the suit property as the same was their joint property and without partition they could not carry out the construction. Alongwith the plaint an application for temporary injunction was moved before the trial Court by the plaintiff which was contested by the opposite party and vide order, dated 22-9-1998 the learned Senior Civil Judge, Charsadda dismissed the petition with a direction that to safeguard the plaintiff's right defendant 14 to 21 shall submit their personal undertaking to the effect that if in the final regular partition the disputed portion of the suit land fell in plaintiff's lot then they will not claim the improvements made during the pendency of the instant suit.
' The learned District Judge, Charsadda vide order dated 6-3-1999 accepted the appeal of the present respondent and restrained. The petitioners from raising any building over the suit land or to alienate it. Having been aggrieved of the aforesaid order Noor Rehman etc. Have filed the present revisions petition.
2. I have heard the learned counsel for the petitioners and the learned counsel for the respondent who is present in Court on pre-admission notice.
3. Admittedly the respondent is a co-owner and a co-sharer in the suit property which according to the plaint consists of many Khasra numbers as such they are interested and have a right in each and every Khasra number of the suit land irrespective of the quantity and quality because no regular partition has taken place between the contesting parties. In such-like cases a co-sharer who is in exclusive possession of a specific portion of a joint property cannot alienate, transfer or change the property unless a regular partition takes place between them.
' In support of this proposition the learned counsel for the respondent relied on 1989 SCMR p.130 and 1999 CLC page 598. In the aforesaid two citations it was observed that in case of a dispute between co-sharers in joint immovable property each co-sharer is deemed to be interested in every inch of the subject-matter, irrespective of quantity of his interest, therefore, a co-sharer even in exclusive possession of a specified property cannot be permitted to alienate or transfer such property which might, change its joint character or otherwise damage the right of other co-owner subject to the adjustment of the property at the time of partition. Apart from the aforesaid proposition of law while invoking revisional jurisdiction of this Court, it is incumbent upon the petitioners to show that the impugned order is either without jurisdiction or is suffering from material irregularity or illegality. SIM none of the ingredients contained in section 115, C,P,C, have been brought on record, therefore, the petition having no merit is dimissed in limine.
' Since the matter before the trial Court is at initial stage and much time has been consumed by the parties in delaying the matter, therefore, the trial Court is directed to dispose of the matter expeditiously.
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