JAN MUHAMMAD vs THE STATE AND Another
This matter arises from a petition for leave to appeal filed by Jan Muhammad against the cancellation of his post-arrest bail by the High Court. The petitioner and his father were named in a First Information Report registered on September 17, 1974, for the murder of Mumtaz Ali. The petitioner absconded until March 1976, while his father was tried and acquitted by the Sessions Court. Subsequently, the Additional Sessions Judge granted bail to the petitioner primarily based on the co-accused's acquittal. Upon a challenge by the complainant, the High Court cancelled the bail. The core legal question concerns the propriety of granting bail to an accused on the ground that a co-accused has been acquitted in a separate trial arising from the same incident. The Supreme Court held that the findings of the Sessions Court in the trial of the co-accused father are not relevant to the petitioner's independent trial, and since the fatal shot was attributed to the petitioner, reasonable grounds exist to believe he committed an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life. The petition was accordingly dismissed.
- Whether the acquittal of a co-accused is a relevant ground for granting bail to an absconding accused?
- Does the evaluation of evidence in a previous trial of a co-accused bind the assessment of evidence in a separate trial of the remaining accused?
- When can the High Court interfere with and cancel bail granted by a lower court?
ORDER
1. ANWARUL HAQ, C, J.-The petitioner Jan Muhammad and his father Ali Akbar were named as the assailants in an F. I. R. Registered on the 17th of September, 1974, regarding the murder of one Mumtaz Ali. It is alleged that the petitioner absconded and could not be arrested until the 23rd of March, 1976. In the meantime his father Ali Akbar was tried and acquitted by the sessions Court. The petitioner was allowed bail by the Additional Sessions Judge; Peshawar, by his order dated the 4th of February, 1977, mainly on the ground that his co-accused had been acquitted. This order was challenged before the High Court by the complainant, and the bail allowed to the petitioner was cancelled by a learned Judge by his order dated the 5th of July, 1977. The petitioner now seeks leave to appeal.
2. It is submitted by the learned counsel for the petitions that the learned Additional Sessions Judge had exercised his discretion properly in allowing bail to the petitioner on the ground that the alleged eye-witnesses of the occurrence had already been disbelieved in the trial against the petitioner's father relating to the same incident, and, therefore, the High Court should not have interfered in the matter. He next contends that in any case the evidence against the petitioner being of doubtful quality, it is a fit case where he should be allowed to remain on bail during the pendency of the trial.
3. We regret we see no merit in these submissions. The findings of the Sessions Court in the trial against the petitioner's father are not relevant in the petitioner's own trial, and the quality of the evidence would have to be judged independently of the previous findings. As the matters stand, the fatal shot has been attributed to the petitioner by the prosecution, with the result that it cannot be said at this stage that there are no grounds for believing that the petitioner is guilty of an offence punishable with death or transportation for life.
4. As a result the petition fails and is hereby dismissed.
Cited by 7 cases
- BAZIR vs The STATE and another 2014 P Cr. L J 1526
- BASHIR KHAN vs STATE through A.G. N.W.F.P., PESHAWAR & another PLJ 2005 Cr.C. (Peshawar) 1006
- BASHIR KHAN vs THE STATE through Advocate-General, N.-W.F.P. Peshawar 2005 PLD Peshawar 98
- BASHIR KHAN Versus State 2005 PCRLJ 748
- ABDUL NADEEM PARACHA vs THE STATE 2003 MLD 1749
- BASHIR KHAN vs THE STATE through Advocate-General N.-W.F.P. and another 2005 P C R L J 748
- BASHIR KHAN vs STATE through ADVOCATE GENERAL NWFP, PESHAWAR and another PLJ 2006 Cr.C. (Peshawar) 236