Pakistan Case Law
2003 SCMR 1323

Mst. NAJAM-UN-NISA vs JUDGE, SPECIAL COURT CONSTITUTED UNDER ANTI-

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Citation2003 SCMR 1323
CourtSupreme Court of Pakistan
Case No.Civil Petition No,1185-L of 2002
Date2002-04-28
Judge(s)Tanvir Ahmed Khan and Khalil-ur-Rehman Ramday
Authored byKhalil-Ur-Rehman Ramday
ResultPetition dismissed
AI Summary — generated from this judgment; read the full text below and verify before relying on it.

This petition for leave to appeal challenged the jurisdiction of a Special Court constituted under the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997, to try a criminal case involving the murder of seven individuals. The petitioner argued that the case did not fall within the ambit of the Anti-Terrorism Act and should instead be tried by a court of ordinary plenary jurisdiction. The Supreme Court addressed the core question of what factors determine whether a crime falls under the Anti-Terrorism Act. The Court held that the venue, time, motive, or public witnessing of a crime are not the sole determinants of jurisdiction. Instead, the crucial test is whether the crime has the effect of striking terror or creating a sense of fear and insecurity among the people or a section thereof. Finding that the brutal murder of seven persons in a single incident inherently creates such terror and horror, the Court upheld the decisions of the Special Court and the Lahore High Court, dismissing the petition and refusing leave to appeal.

Questions settled in this judgment
  • What is the crucial test for determining whether a crime falls within the parameters of the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997?
  • Are the venue, time, and motive of a crime the sole factors for determining if a case is triable by a Special Court under the Anti-Terrorism Act?
  • Does the brutal murder of multiple persons in a single incident constitute an act that creates terror or fear among the public?
Laws & provisions referred
  • sections 302/109/148/149, P.P.C.
  • sections 6/7 of the Anti-Terrorism Act of 1997
Anti-Terrorism Actspecial court jurisdictionterror and insecuritycriminal trialleave to appealscope of terrorism

ORDER

' KHAL1L-UR-REHMAN RAMDAY, J.---In an occurrence which had allegedly taken place on 18-9-2001 at about TAHAJJAD WELA in the area of Police Station Sabzi Mandi Gujranwala, 7 persons had been gunned down at the Dera of Muhammad Ahsan complainant. A case bearing F.I.R. No,457, dated 18-9-2001 was consequently registered at the abovementioned Police Station under sections 302/109/ 148/149, P.P.C. As per the record the provisions of sections 6/7 of the. Anti-Terrorism Act of 1997 were subsequently added which made the case triable by a Special Court under the said Act of 1997.

2. The petitioner herein who is also one of the accused persons of the said case submitted an application before a learned Special Judge under the ATA of 1997 at Gujranwala questioning his jurisdiction to try the case in question on the ground that the said case did not fall within the ambit of ATA of 1997 and consequently prayed that the trial in question be sent to the ordinary Court of plenary jurisdiction. This application was dismissed on 22-3-2002 which led the petitioner to the filing of a Writ Petition No,5198 of 2002 in the Lahore High Court which petition was also dismissed by a learned Division Bench through an order, dated 1-4-2002. Hence this petition.

3. The venue of the commission of a crime; the time of occurrence, the motive which had led to the commission of a crime and the fact whether the said crime had or had not been witnessed by the public at large are not the only factors determining the issue whether a case did or did not fall within the parameters of the ATA of 1997. The crucial question is whether the said crime had or had not the effect of striking terror or creating a sense of fear and insecurity in the people or any section of the people. Needless to mention here that a crime of the kind in hand committed even in a remote corner does not remain unnoticed in the area in which is committed or even in the country on account of the print and electronic media. Seven persons being butchered in a house at night is not the kind of occurrence which would not create terror and horror in the people or any section of the people.

4. Having heard the learned counsel for the petitioner we do not find any factual or legal infirmity in the orders passed by the learned Special Judge or the order passed by the Lahore High Court. This petition is therefore dismissed and leave refused.

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