KHAN vs SAJJAD and 2 others
This petition for leave to appeal was filed before the Supreme Court of Pakistan against the judgment dated 17th July, 2001 passed by the Lahore High Court, whereby the petitioner's criminal appeal against acquittal was dismissed. The primary legal issue before the Supreme Court was whether the High Court's order affirming the acquittal of the respondents warranted interference. The Supreme Court upheld the High Court's decision and declined leave to appeal. The Court held that the High Court had examined the evidence on record from all possible dimensions and arrived at its decision based on cogent reasons. In laying down the key governing principles, the Supreme Court reiterated that Appellate Courts must exercise jurisdiction cautiously when dealing with appeals against acquittal orders. An accused person who has been acquitted enjoys a double presumption of innocence—firstly, the initial presumption available before the conclusion of trial, and secondly, the presumption reinforced by the judicial verdict declaring them not guilty. Consequently, interference with an acquittal is permissible only under strict adherence to established legal guidelines.
- What level of caution must an Appellate Court exercise when hearing an appeal against an acquittal order?
- What is the nature of the double presumption of innocence enjoyed by a person acquitted of criminal charges?
- Under what circumstances can a superior court interfere with an order of acquittal in a criminal case?
ORDER
' IFTIKHAR MUHAMMAD CHAUDHRY, J.---This petition has been filed for leave to appeal against the judgment dated 17th July, 2001 passed by Lahore High Court, Lahore whereby criminal appeal filed by petitioner has been dismissed.
2. We have heard the learned counsel for petitioner and have also gone through the impugned judgment carefully. Learned Judge in Chambers of the High Court decided Criminal Appeal No,698 of 1997 after attending the case from all possible dimensions during course A whereof evidence so available on record was also examined and thereafter on cogent reasons formed opinion that appeal has no merits. It is to be noted that in criminal appeals filed against acquittal orders, the Appellate Courts have to exercise jurisdiction cautiously because the respondent who has been exonerated from the criminal charges, enjoys double presumption of innocence, the one available to him before conclusion of the trial and the second after the verdict of the Court declaring him not guilty and that is why it is always said that if at all the Appellate Court comes to conclusion to interfere in the acquittal order it should strictly follow the principles laid down in this behalf from time to time by superior Courts for the guidance of the Courts seized with the matter. In this context reference may be made to the judgments reported in (1) Ghulam Sikandar and another v.
Mamaraz Khan and others PLD 1985 SC 11, (2) Khadim Hussain v. Manzoor Hussain Shah and 3 others 2002 SCM R 261 and (3) Munawar Shah v. Liaquat Hussain and others 2002 SCM R 713.
Thus for the foregoing reasons, petition being devoid of force is dismissed and leave declined.
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